Estudio arqueométrico del soporte marmóreo de una escultura de Livia hallada en la ciudad romana de Asido (Medina Sidonia, Cádi
Abstract
This paper shows the archaeometric study carried out on a sculpture of Livia, found in the city of Asido (Medina Sidonia, Cádiz, Spain), conserved in two dissociated parts (head and body), in order to expand the knowledge about the sculptural find, currently located in the museum of Cádiz. These pieces made of white marbles have been analyzed from the mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical point of view and later, a comparative study has been carried out with material from quarries exploited and marketed in southern Hispania, as well as with other foreign marbles widely used in Roman times in the Baetica province. The analytical results indicate that both pieces, although with different textural and compositional features, may come from the same quarry. The petrographic features coincide with other local and foreign varieties, but their major and traces chemical components allowed to establish the quarries of Almadén de la Plata (Seville, Spain) as the most probable origin. The marble of the head of coarse grain size, translucent and saccharoid appearance presents content of Cl y Zn, Zr and La; that allow to attribute as origin to a variety of translucent calcitic white marble with pinkish veins typical from Almadén de la Plata. On the other hand, the similar contents in MgO, Fe2O3, Ba and traces of Th observed in the marble of the body, indicate its correlation with a variety of white marble of more heterogeneous grain size with grayish veins and banded texture, where bands of medium to coarse grain with finer grain bands, also typical of these old quarries. This study also shows the careful selection of the material that was used in the elaboration of the heads-portraits of the Roman sculptures.
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References
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